This paper examines the impact of the clannish dogma “hiil iyo hoo” on justice and governance in Somalia. Rooted deeply in Somali culture, “hiil iyo hoo” emphasizes protection and social security within clans, influencing individual and group behaviors and perceptions of justice. Using multi-method approach to explore the intricate relationship between “hiil iyo hoo” and Somalia’s justice system, the study contrasts this traditional principle with Somalia’s formal justice system, imported from the West, which fails to align with these local values. The coexistence of these systems has contributed to corruption, mistrust, and political instability. The paper discusses the customary xeer-dhaqameed system, which emphasizes restorative justice and clan unity, and highlights the challenges posed by the formal system’s presumption of impartiality and independence. It also addresses issues in service delivery, exacerbated by nepotism and favoritism rooted in “hiil iyo hoo.” The paper concludes with recommendations for harmonizing traditional and modern justice systems, including the integration of Sharia law and the establishment of mechanisms to mitigate clan influences on governance.
